10 reasons for obesity epidemic weight loss invalid has become a general situation

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10 reasons for obesity epidemic weight loss invalid has become a general situation

The relationship between the changes and obesity[experts: deepening the diagnosis of obesity]has not been clearly demonstrated.

Since 2000, John of the United States?

The Hopkins School of Public Health has made a major project to prevent obesity.

They recruited 1,704 Aboriginal American children from 41 schools and randomly assigned them to the experimental group and involved.

The experimental group provides better expectations, more physical activity and courses on healthy eating and lifestyle.

These children have been followed up for 3 years.

Surprisingly, the body fat of the experimental group was both present and significantly reduced.

Ericsson of the University of Alabama in Birmingham said: “We threw tens of millions of dollars in the best research units in the world, and finally found that there was no effect at all.
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“20 obesity experts from the United States, Canada and Italy recently co-authored articles in the “International Obesity” magazine, y, y, y,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

Twenty experts expressed their opinions in the summary report and proposed 10 additional explanations for the most likely trend of obesity.

銆€銆€Is the reduction in sleep deprivation related to people getting fat?

Some large epidemiological studies believe that the answer is yes.

According to the data collected by the National Health Nutrition Interrogation Survey, people who slept seven hours a night had a higher body mass index (BMI) than those who slept more.

Once similar to the 鈥淎merican Nurse Health Study鈥? after 16 years of follow-up study of 68,000 women, it was found that during the study period, those who slept an average of 5 hours a day gained more weight than those who slept 6 hours, while sleeping for 6 hours.The people in turn increased their weight more than those who slept for 7 hours.

銆€銆€The explanation for this is that sleep loss alters metabolism.

Leptin is a hormone that shows hypersaturation. When the chronic obesity is indicated to increase, the level of leptin will decrease. At this time, the appetite of the person is widened.

Mice with sleep deprivation eat more than normal mice.

The same is true for human studies. In a sleep experiment, people who only allowed sleep for 4 hours for two consecutive nights reduced their leptin levels by 18% and fats by 28%.

Volunteers who participated in the experiment reported that they felt very hungry.

Obviously, people’s sleep is really decreasing.

Americans sleep 8 nights in the last century.

Five hours, and the average number of surveys conducted by the National Sleep Foundation in 2002 has fallen below seven hours.

銆€銆€No one in climate control will deny that the temperature we have been in has changed over the past few decades.

From 1997 to 2000, the average temperature in British homes increased from 13 掳 C to 18 掳 C. In the United States, the proportion of household air conditioners increased from 23% to 47% from 1987 to 1997, and some obesity in the southern United States.In states with a high incidence, the number of houses using air conditioners has jumped from 37% to 70%.

銆€銆€So does the use of air-conditioning and air conditioning really cause our weight changes?

Some studies have proved that, at least winter heating is associated with weight gain.

Studies have shown that people spend a few days in the breathing room, at a comfortable temperature, the energy consumed by people.

In one study, the difference in energy consumption per day for women at 27 掳 C and 22 掳 C was 1 MJ (239 kcal).

This is the energy that burns 27 grams of body.

Sweating also burns energy, and Ellison uses biometric methods to prove that high temperatures reduce people’s food intake, so summer air conditioners also play a role in promoting diet.

銆€銆€The role of smoking cessation Recent surveys show that smokers are indeed thinner than the average person, and smoking cessation does make people feel meat.

It has been concluded that nicotine may be an appetite suppressant and seems to increase human metabolic rate.

According to the Fleming statistic of the National Center for Health Statistics, people who quit smoking have relatively small but significant effects on the trend of obesity in the United States.

According to statistics collected by the 1991 American Health and Nutrition Survey, a person is more likely to be overweight in the first 10 years after quitting smoking than those who smoke and never smoke.

For example, about half of men who quit smoking are overweight. According to this, people who never smoke are overweight at 37%, while those who smoke are only 28%.

銆€銆€From 1978 to 1990, the prevalence of obesity in the United States increased by 9%.

Flevo estimates that one-fifth of this increase comes from people who quit smoking.

Of course, this is not to say that smoking cessation poses a threat to public health.Even if you are infected with cigarettes again and want to withdraw, you may face the danger of increasing your weight by 45 kilograms.

銆€銆€Pre-natal effects Obese mothers, especially those born to mothers with gestational diabetes, may become fat in their later life.

Although obesity may be primarily hereditary, there is also evidence that certain 鈥渋ntrauterine programs鈥?have an impact.

銆€銆€Pregnant fetuses were fed a high fecal ration, and offspring were more likely to be obese than the twins fed a normal ration.

Interestingly, this effect lasts two to three generations.

Even if the first-generation female rats fed a high-fat ration diet were fed a normal ration, their second-generation pups developed into obesity.

Therefore, you are likely to be determined to take too much or not before being bred.

銆€銆€Fat people are prone to fat and have more children.

The discovery of Ellis, a state university in North Dakota, USA, has a small but highly significant correlation between BMI and reproductive rates.

Women with normal or low body weight have an average of 3-2 children, and women who are overweight or obese have an average of 3-5 children.

銆€銆€Is it that the indigenous blacks make women gain weight, or are they overweight so that women have more children?

It may be both.

If there is no other cause other than poor sleep, many children may increase the chance of obesity.

However, Ellis also pointed out that people’s BMI before becoming a parent is related to the children they eventually have.

Obesity can be inherited.

Current research shows that 65% of obesity is hereditary, so a trend associated with having a large family is an increase in the proportion of overweight people.

銆€銆€The elderly are getting fatter. The US National Health Statistics Center survey shows that the age is 40?
A 79-year-old adult is three times more likely to be obese than a young person.

And obviously, the world is becoming aging.

In addition, the proportion of obesity among different ethnic groups is also different.

For example, Mexican American American women may be 30% more likely to be obese than white women, while black women are twice as likely to be obese as white women.

In the United States, the proportion of these growing populations is increasing. From 1970 to 2000, the proportion of American Hispanics rose from 5% of the previous population to 12.

5%, the proportion of black Americans increased from 11% to 12.

3%.

銆€銆€The impact of drugs In the 1970s, a new antipsychotic drug called diazepam entered the market, and millions of people around the world took it.

The drug has been successful in treating mental disorders, but it has an alternative: people who take diazepam will generally gain 4 kilograms of weight in the first 10 weeks, and another weight gain of 4 in the following year?
5 kg.
銆€銆€Stability is not the only drug that causes weight gain.

Anticonvulsants for the treatment of epilepsy and antihypertensive drugs for the treatment of hypertension, protease inhibitors for the treatment of cancer and hypoglycemic agents including the body are all associated with weight gain.

The average weight gain of a person using a beta-antagonist (a cardiovascular drug) is 1.

2kg, and the average weight of people taking contraceptives for two years increased by more than 5 kg.

Even an ordinary over-the-counter antihistamine will give you weight gain.

There is no doubt that the use of these drugs has been reflected in the increasing trend of obesity in the past 30 years.

銆€銆€Environmental pollution In daily life, people always come into contact with chemicals such as pesticides, dyes, seasonings, spices, plastics, resins, solvents, etc. These chemicals are either swallowed, absorbed, or absorbed through the skin.

There is evidence that only a small amount of chemicals can cause weight gain.

For example, using a small amount of the insecticide, dieldrin, in mice can multiply its body fat.

Another insecticide, hexachlorobenzene, can increase the weight gain of rats in the experimental group, which is only half of the food intake.

And because of the consumption of PCB-contaminated fish in the Great Lakes of North America, people have similar results, that is: the more toxic substances are collected, the heavier the weight.

銆€銆€Some of these chemicals may be endocrine disruptors that interfere with the function of hormones such as estrogen.

Numerous animal and human studies have shown that obesity increases when estrogen does not function properly.
The chemicals we are exposed to are on the rise: a Swedish study found that from 1972 to 1998, the concentration of PBDEs (now replaced flame retardants) in breast milk increased by a factor of 5 every 5 years.

銆€銆€Older mothers Worldwide, mothers are getting older.
In the United Kingdom, the average age at which women were born in 1970 was 23.

7 years old, now it is 27.

3 years.

The average age of first-born women in the United States is also growing, from 21 in 1970.

4 years old increased to 24 in 2000.

9 years old.

銆€銆€The results of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute’s Growth Health Study are: for every 5 years of age increase in mothers, the likelihood of a child developing obesity increases by 14%, but the reasons for this are not clear.

銆€銆€Simonds of the University of Nottingham in the United Kingdom found that lambs produced by older ewes tend to accumulate more unfortunate organizations during the first year of their lives.

In addition, Simonds also found that the first-born lambs have more defects than their compatriots.

With the distortion of family size, the proportion of children with first child is increasing in the population.

In 1964, British women gave birth on average 2.

95 children, by 2005, the proportion had dropped to 1.

79.

In 1976, the number of primiparas over the age of 40 in the United States was 9.

6%, rising to 17 in 2004.

4%.

The combination of an older mother and a single child may be the cause of an overpopulation.

銆€銆€Marriage choices are just like people looking for a spouse, and the couple’s weight is also paired.

Thin people are more willing to marry the thin, and fat people are more willing to marry the fat.

In a study of 1,341 Canadian families published in 1999, Katz Mazick of York University in Toronto found that the BMI and skin fold measurements (thickness of the subcutaneous hernia) between the spouses were small, but significant.relationship.

銆€銆€Combined with other reasons, obesity is partially inherited, and the fatter people will breed into children, which seems to explain the trend of the current epidemic.